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A Guide to Prescription Sleep Medicines for Insomnia

Doctor talking to a patient
Dr. Mom
This blog post was written by Dr. Stephanie Liu (Dr. Mom)—Family Physician and Assistant Clinical Professor at the University of Alberta—for SleepDebt.ca, a website developed by Eisai Limited.
Struggling with sleep due to insomnia can be a challenge, leading many people to seek relief and rest with the aid of sleep medications. While many of these medications certainly have a place in providing respite from sleep deprivation, it is important to work with your doctor to figure out what option is right for you.

Types of Sleep Medicines for Insomnia

There are a variety of sleep medicines available in Canada to treat insomnia, which is a sleep disorder that makes it hard to fall asleep or stay asleep and/or causes you to wake up early. Except for a few, most of these medications are intended for short-term use.

Your doctor will consider your symptoms, overall health, and medical history when deciding whether a sleep medicine might be appropriate for you.

Prescription Medicines for Insomnia

Sleep/Wake Stabilizers (Non-Sedative Hypnotics*):

  • Lemborexant (brand name: Dayvigo)
  • Daridorexant (brand name: Quviviq)

Conventional Hypnotics:*

  • Doxepin (brand name: Silenor and others)

Prescription Medicines for Short-Term Insomnia (usually not more than 7–10 consecutive days)

Conventional Sedative Hypnotics:

Benzodiazepines
  • Flurazepam (generic, no brand name in Canada)
  • Triazolam (generic, no brand name in Canada)
  • Zopiclone (brand name: Imovane and others)
  • Eszopiclone (brand name: Lunesta)
Z-drugs (non-benzodiazepine hypnotics)
  • Nitrazepam (brand name: Mogadon)
  • Temazepam (brand name: Restoril)
  • Zolpidem (brand name: Sublinox and others)

Types of Sleep Medicines for Insomnia

Doctor showing medications

Prescription Medicines for Short-Term Insomnia (usually not more than 7–10 consecutive days)

Conventional Sedative Hypnotics:

Benzodiazepines
  • Flurazepam (generic, no brand name in Canada)
  • Triazolam (generic, no brand name in Canada)
  • Zopiclone (brand name: Imovane and others)
  • Eszopiclone (brand name: Lunesta)
Z-drugs (non-benzodiazepine hypnotics)
  • Nitrazepam (brand name: Mogadon)
  • Temazepam (brand name: Restoril)
  • Zolpidem (brand name: Sublinox and others)

When talking to your doctor about sleep issues and insomnia, make sure to be very honest about your experience. Consider using a sleep diary to help you keep track of your sleep habits and sleep quality. That way, you can have a productive conversation with your doctor about your sleep and work together to find the right treatment option for you.

Questions to Ask Your Doctor About Sleep Medicines

Always remember that you are your best advocate when discussing any type of medication with your doctor. When talking to your doctor about sleep medicines, consider asking some of these questions to better understand your treatment options:

  • Why do you think this medicine could be a good option for me?
  • How does this medicine work?
  • How do I take this medicine and how often do I take it?
  • How long should I take this medicine?
  • What should I expect after starting this medicine?
  • What are the potential side effects of this medicine?
  • Are there any serious warnings and precautions I need to know about for this medicine?
  • How is this sleep medicine different from the other options available?

If you do start taking a sleep medicine, make sure that you precisely follow your doctor’s instructions about how to take it, and let them know if you experience any side effects.

* A hypnotic is a medication used to treat insomnia.
† A sedative hypnotic is a medication used to reduce tension and anxiety and induce calm (sedative effect) or to induce sleep (hypnotic effect).

Is Insomnia Behind Your Sleep Debt?

Take this short, clinically validated self-assessment to see where your sleep challenges may fall—from mild to more serious—and if it might be time to talk with your doctor.

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How to Talk to Your Doctor

Not sure how to approach the topic of sleep issues with your doctor? We’ve got you covered.
Prepare for Your Conversation
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Understand Your Treatment Options

Safe and effective treatments are available for Canadians with insomnia.
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